Analyse the potential of group work to promote mutual aid and Essay

Investigate the capability of gathering work to advance shared guide and strengthening - Essay Example Strengthening is a perplexing procedure that doesn't simply occur at an individual level yet additionally happens in a gathering, hierarchical or other setting (Woodall, Raine, South and Warwick-Booth, 2010,â p 9). This depends on the way that individuals have encounters, assessments and data that can be good for different individuals in the gathering, helping the others helps the partner, a few sorts of mediation, for example, showdown are better gotten when they originate from a friend as opposed to an expert supplier. Common guide is a factor of social help that helps pad or give a cushion to people from conceivably hurtful or ominous physiological conditions. In spite of the fact that social help may incorporate proficient assistance from a prepared individual, common guide is to a greater extent a bi-directional help from individuals who are companions and who can identify with each other’s condition and encounters. Shared guide bunches for the most part have three destinations †as an answer for the issues that the individuals from the gatherings are encountering, as a springboard for activity in settling these issues and as an elective method of managing these social and indiv idual circumstances (Hammond and Taylor, 1998, p15). Common guide is engaging to the gathering individuals as they not just engage in the sharing and taking an interest in all the exercises, they all gain so much from one another and along these lines are generally improved outfitted to manage their circumstances. The occasionally otherworldly nature of the gathering makes the individuals increasingly OK with themselves and one another and that is very engaging and freeing (Mutual guide and self improvement programs, 2012). Dissimilar to in a circumstance where there is an expert head of the gathering the common guide bunch all gets the opportunity to lead and learn and are in this way enabled. The way that the gathering are all at a similar level and all managing comparable circumstances it enables the gathering individuals to have the option to talk about in a free and favorable

Hydrogels for Wound Healing Applications

Hydrogels for Wound Healing Applications Unique This part examines about the hydrogels both normal and engineered that can be utilized for wound recuperating applications. Additionally it examines quickly about the different novel procedures that have been grown as of late. Watchwords: Hydrogels; Chitosan, Antimicrobial; Grafting; Blending; Wound dressing; Wound recuperating; Gene treatment, Stem cell treatment, Skin Engineering, pH and Thermosensitive polymers. 1 Introduction Medicinal services is a basic part of human endurance. Such a significant number of biopolymers have created enthusiasm for various biomedical applications. Wound administration is one such region where the executives of cuts, ulcers, and injuries needs dressings which help in advancing fast twisted mending so as to acquire both useful and corrective outcomes. [45] There are various types of wound administration items: staples or stitches, dressings or gauzes, careful sealants and cements, skin substitutes, and different biomaterials. [51] Human skin gives a powerful obstruction to microbial entrance and ensuing contamination. In any case, when the injury has been created in this hindrance, the disease chances increments. If there should be an occurrence of ceaseless injuries, the colonization and disease potential increments as the consequence of the nearness of avascular eschar which gives a domain to the uninhibited development of microorganisms. [89] The pace of disease is identified with the sort of wound, general injury care, and neighborhood strength of the patient. [88, 90] For maintaining a strategic distance from contamination, great clinical practices are required. The administration of ceaseless injuries is an expensive practice and it likewise puts a tremendous channel on social insurance assets; considers have determined the expense of wounds to the NHS to be about  £1bn per year. [166] So for bringing down this cost such twisted administration items are required that are increasingly efficient and viable. Out of all the above injury the board items, here in this section we will talk about increasingly about the injury dressings that will give an ideal recuperating condition to the injury. A dressing is an extra utilized by an individual for application to an injury so as to advance mending as well as forestall further mischief. It is intended to be in direct contact with the injury, so it is not quite the same as the swathe in the way that wraps are regularly used to hold dressing set up. An injury is a break in the epithelial respectability of the skin and might be joined by interruption of the structure and capacity of basic ordinary tissue. Wounds can be separated into four classes dependent on their appearance and phase of mending: Necrotic, sloughing, pulverizing and epithelializing wounds. [87] Wounds cause uneasiness and are progressively inclined to disease and other problematic confusions. [75] Some sicknesses like diabetes, ischaemia and conditions like malnourishment, maturing, neighborhood contamination, nearby tissue harm because of consume prompts delay in wound mending. Contamination is a significant difficulty of consume injury and is liable for 50-75% of emergency clinic passings. [76] Human skin has probably the best ability to recover itself among the entirety of the tissues in our body. It continually replaces old cells with new cells, empowering it to fix itself when harmed. Wound recuperating is a complex-physiologic procedure, which comprises of three covering stages: incendiary, proliferative and redesigning stages. The ordinary mending reaction starts the second the tissue is harmed. As the blood segments spill into the site of injury, the platelets come into contact with uncovered collagen and different components of the extracellular lattice. This contact triggers the platelets to discharge thickening components just as basic development factors. During the aggravation procedure, neutrophils are the primary leukocytes which come at the site of injury to free it from bacterial pollution. At that point, the monocytes and their change to macrophages start tissue fix by discharging various naturally dynamic substances and development factors that are vital fo r the inception of tissue arrangement process. In the third procedure, fibroblasts multiply and move into the injury space and began the affidavit of the free extracellular network. Endothelial cells develop into an injury at the same time with fibroblasts and experience angiogenesis. At long last, tissue renovating happens to recreate the cellar film by the separation of keratinocytes just as the arrangement of follicle cells. [43, 49, 50] A scar is a basic piece of this regular mending process following any sort of harm to the skin. This can happen after a careful entry point or the mending of an injury. As your body puts forth an attempt to close an open injury and shield itself from disease, it replaces harmed skin tissue with quickly created scar tissue. Scarring is slight when the harmed external layer of skin is recuperated by modified tissue. At the point when we harm the thick layer of tissue underneath the skin, revamping is progressively confused. Our bodies set down coll agen strands (a protein which is normally created by the body) and this generally brings about a profoundly evident scar. A perpetual token of the injury is deserted. Along these lines, a dressing that can actuate scarless recuperating is required. Generally, a dressing was normally a bit of material, once in a while fabric, yet the utilization of webs, manure, leaves and nectar has additionally been portrayed. Be that as it may, current dressings incorporate clothes, semipermeable movies, low disciple dressings, gels, froths, hydrocolloids, alginates, hydrogels and polysaccharide glues. Wound dressings are detached, dynamic or intuitive. Uninvolved dressings just give spread while dynamic or intelligent dressings are equipped for adjusting the physiology of the injury condition. Intuitive dressings incorporate hydrocolloids, hydrogels, alginates, froth dressings and antimicrobial dressings. [17, 20, 85] Customarily dry injury dressings are viewed as useful for recuperating wounds for example the injury ought to be secured with bandage or left open. Be that as it may, it has been seen by Winter [191] that when wound is left open to air with no dressing, a scab for example a dry covering covers the injury and diminishes the pace of epithelialization. Then again, if sodden dressing is utilized instead of dry dressings scab won't structure and pace of mending increments as damp dressings give low oxygen strain which helps in wound recuperating, these dressings not just keep cells suitable which empowers them to discharge development factors while keeping in touch among them and the mending tissues, however may likewise regulate or animate their expansion, these dressings decline the torment very still, during ambulation and during dressing changes additionally soggy condition permits fast and productive conveyance of any additional antimicrobial specialist in this manner keep the injury from contamination. Along these lines, the dressings that make and keep up a clammy situation, in any case, are currently considered to give the ideal conditions to wound mending. 2 Requirements of a perfect injury care framework These attributes ought to be available in the perfect injury care framework (an) it ought to be fit for keeping up a high mugginess at the injury site, (b) it ought to be non-poisonous, (c) non-allergenic, (d) it tends to be evacuated without making injury the injury, (e) it should pe impermeable to microbes, (f) Thermally protecting, (g) it ought to be delicate to contact, (h) it ought to permit legitimate vaporous trade, (I) it ought to be liberated from particulate and harmful item, (j) advance tissue remaking procedures and (k) it ought to be savvy. [20, 165, 177] Out of the considerable number of dressings hydrocolloids, alginates and hydrogels every one has its own focal points and constraints however hydrogels are ideal and have all the attributes that are required in a perfect injury dressing. All the previously mentioned attributes can be accomplished in hydrogel wound dressings. 3 Hydrogels for Wound Healing Applications Hydrogels are characteristic or manufactured cross-connected polymers utilized in an assortment of clinical and biomedical applications. Hydrogels comprise of a network of insoluble polymers with up to 96% water content empowering them to give water atoms to the injury surface and to keep up a damp situation at the injury bed. They are utilized in the development of contact focal points, tranquilize conveyance vehicles, wound dressings and as physiological terminals or sensors. [17] Examples of hydrogel incorporate Aquaform, Intrasite, GranuGel, Nu-Gel, Purilon, Sterigel. These additionally can assimilate a level of wound exudate. They transmit dampness fume and oxygen, yet their bacterial and liquid penetrability is reliant on the sort of optional dressing utilized. [20] Hydrogels swell or psychologist in watery arrangements because of the affiliation, separation and official of different particles to polymer chains. These frameworks may grow in water until a harmony state is reached and hold their unique shape. The associations answerable for water sorption by hydrogels incorporate the procedure of hydration, which is associated with the nearness of such concoction bunches as - OH, - COOH, - CONH2, - CONH-, and - SO3H and the presence of narrow zones and contrasts in osmotic weight. The powers that make hydrogel disintegration outlandish are nearness of covalent bonds between singular polymer chains, hydrophobic and electrostatic cooperations. [46] These are hydrophilic polymer systems which may assimilate from 10-20% (a subjective lower limit) up to a huge number of times their dry load in water. These might be synthetically steady or they may debase and disintegrate. They are called ‘reversible, or ‘physical gels when the systems are held together by sub-atomic snares, or potentially optional powers including ionic, H-holding or hydrophobic powers. [13, 14, 15] Hydrogels are called ‘permanent or ‘chemicalgels when they are covalently-crosslinked arranges as appeared in 1. Hydrogels can be made by illumination, freeze-defrosting or compound techniques. Out of the considerable number of techniques, illumination is considered as an appropriate apparatus for th

Typical Course of Study for 12th Grade

Run of the mill Course of Study for twelfth Grade In their last year of secondary school, most understudies are wrapping up required courses, supporting any frail territories, and utilizing electives to investigate potential vocation options.â School destined seniors may require guidanceâ in choosing the best courses to help their auxiliary instruction plans. A few understudies might be arranging a hole year to permit themselves an opportunity to make sense of their subsequent stages while others might be going straightforwardly into the workforce. Since twelfth graders plans can differ so generally, its fundamental to assist them with altering their coursework for their last secondary school credits.â Language Arts Numerous universities anticipate that an understudy should finish four years of secondary school language expressions. A run of the mill course of study for twelfth grade incorporates writing, arrangement, syntax, and jargon. In the event that an understudy has not finished British, American, or World Literature, senior year is an ideal opportunity to do as such. An engaged investigation of Shakespeare is another alternative, or understudies may look over different books suggested for secondary school seniors. It is basic for understudies to spend a semester each investigating, arranging and composing two in-depthâ research papers. Understudies ought to figure out how to finish a spread page, refer to sources, and incorporate a bibliography.â It is likewise shrewd to utilize when theyre composing their examination papers to guarantee that understudies have a solid working information on standard PC programming and projects used to organization and print their archive. This may incorporate word handling, spreadsheet, and distributing programming. Understudies likewise need to keep composing an assortment of paper styles over the educational program on a wide scope of subjects. Language structure ought to be joined in this procedure, guaranteeing that understudies comprehend the distinction among formal and casual composition, when to utilize each, and how to utilize right sentence structure, spelling, and accentuation in a wide range of composing. Math By twelfth grade, most understudies have finished Algebra I, Algebra II, and geometry. On the off chance that they have not, they should utilize their senior year to do so.â A normal course of study for twelfth grade math includesâ a strong comprehension of polynomial math, analytics, and insights ideas. Understudies may take classes, for example, pre-analytics, math, trigonometry, insights, bookkeeping, business math, or purchaser math. Science Most universities hope to see just 3 years of science credit, in this manner a fourth year of science isn't required for graduation much of the time, nor is there an average course of study for the subject. Understudies who have not effectively finished 3 years of science should chip away at consummation during their senior year. Understudies who are going into a science-related field may wish to take an extra science course. Choices for twelfth grade science incorporate material science, life systems, physiology, propelled courses (science, science, physical science), zoology, natural science, geography, or any double enlistment school science course.â Understudies may likewise wish to seek after absolutely intrigue drove courses in the science field, for example, equine investigations, sustenance, crime scene investigation, or agriculture. Social Studies Similarly as with science, most schools hope to see just 3 years of social investigations credit, so there is no standard course of study for twelfth grade social examinations. Understudies might be keen on elective courses that fall under the classification of social examinations, for example, brain science, human science, humanities, geology, world religions, or religious philosophy. In the event that they have not recently examined them, the accompanying subjects are acceptable alternatives for twelfth grade: standards of U.S. government; essential archives of the U.S.; United States agribusiness; urbanization; preservation; business and industry in the U.S.; purposeful publicity and general feeling; relative governments; similar monetary frameworks; buyer training; financial aspects; and tax collection and fund. Understudies may likewise wish to contemplate points, for example, universal relations and associations and American international strategy or take a double enlistment school course. Electives Most universities hope to see at any rate 6 elective credits. School destined understudies ought to consider courses, for example, unknown dialect (in any event two years of a similar language) and the visual and performing expressions (at any rate one year of credit).â Understudies who are not school destined ought to be urged to acquire elective credit in territories of potential profession intrigue. Understudies can read practically any point for elective credit.â A few alternatives incorporate visual depiction, PC programming, advanced media, composing, open talking, banter, home financial aspects, test prep, or drafting. By and large, understudies can tally work understanding for elective credit. Numerous schools likewise hope to see in any event one year of physical instruction credit and one semester of wellbeing or medical aid.

The Cooperative Group Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Essay Question: Describe the ethical concerns facing the communities in which the Cooperative Group operates This essay examines the ethical concerns which are foremost in the communities in which the Cooperative Group operates. The discussion argues that most important among these ethical concerns are the dual problems of global ethical dilemmas, led by the issues of fair trade and climate change, but also a keen interest in supporting local communities and local suppliers. The latter has become increasingly important in light of the financial crisis as it often a key factor in how local communities fare. The discussion begins with a critical analysis of how these ethical concerns affect local communities before reflecting briefly on how the Cooperative can be seen to assisting with such problems. The Cooperative Group operates throughout the entirety of the UK. It can therefore be said that broadly speaking, the ethical considerations which effect the communities in which the Group operates are the ethical considerations which are currently foremost among the UK population as a whole. As outlined in the introduction, these issues can broadly by summarised as a concern about the environment and concerns about global poverty, international development and the role of trade in dealing with such problems. The UK voluntary sector is one of the best supported in Europe and has an annual turnover into the tens of billions (Harris 2001). Whilst this is not explicitly relevant to the role of the Cooperative Group it nonetheless illustrates the general spirit of the British nation and the importance which they attach to ethical considerations in life. These ethical concerns are important ones for the Cooperative Group to consider as much has been made recently of the role of consumer choice in shaping the nature of the worlds problems (Klein 2010 p.242). There is therefore a strong connection between the ethical considerations of such communities and the role of the Cooperative Group. We must therefore acknowledge that one of the biggest concerns which many people feel in relation to the issue of climate change and global poverty has been the sense of how best they can help with the problem on an individual level. In an age when many people have lost faith in traditional political routes to problem solving or addressing ethical concerns, there is more and more emphasis placed on the importance of consumer choice. Writers such as Klein (2010), Tomlinson (1999) and Giddens (2002) have all been involved in arguing that perhaps one of the most important ways in which people can change the world in which they live is through supporting movements such as the Fair Trade movement, through taking an interest in the carbon footprint of their shopping and in generally being a much more politically aware consumer. Such arguments argue that consumer choice can effectively be used as a less dramatic form of economic sanction to place diplomatic pressure on certain areas to either reform their political practice, or to operate in a more considered manner. This point is made particularly strongly by Garton Ash who argues that, with so much choice over which charity to support and what particular manner in which to attempt to influence events, many people feel overwhelmed. Evidence put forward by the Guardian Sustainable Business report suggests that many consumers do believe that there choice of products makes a difference to such issues and that the majority of consumers are influenced by such factors . There is therefore a strong preceden t for supermarkets and organisations such as the Cooperative Group to develop practical alternatives for such people and furthermore to inform their customers of the ethical issues which surround their consumer choices. However, perhaps one of the most important ethical issues which faces such groups in the current economic climate is the issue of local employment and local livelihoods. Like many ethical considerations this issue ties in neatly with many of the other concerns which we have previously discussed. Throughout the post war period there has been a growth in the power of markets internationally to the point where the vast majority of the UKs manufacturing industry and a large part of British domestic agriculture has been superseded by cheap foreign imports, be it manufactured goods from China or fruit and vegetables which are grown in warmer climes and shipped to the UK either on boats or planes. Such trends create a dual problem of increasing carbon emissions but also threatening local livelihoods, particularly in the more rural areas which the Cooperative Group operates in such as parts of Yorkshire and the Lake District. A significant ethical issue in this context is therefore the level of support which major shops such as the Cooperative Group give to local industries and producers. This issue has been highlighted by a significant number of globalisation theorists such as Dunkley, as well as more mainstream writers such as Stiglitz and Klein. Such ideas represent a significant concern for much of the world as the free market system has created more problems than it has solved for a great number of people. Strong evidence suggests that such trends are being felt at the supermarket checkout and in the local shop. In 2010 Bevin reported that in response to a survey carried out for the Guardian the majority of the 766 respondents indicated strong concern about carbon emissions, pollution, and resource depletion. A majority of respon dents also stated that the level of transportation was a key factor for them. They were therefore much more likely to purchase a product which had been locally sourced. It is also worthy of note that the Guardian report also found that the purchase of groceries came second only to transportation in the full ethical consideration of household expenditure. Areas such as utility bills or clothing were not considered to be as important ethically as were groceries. When all of the evidence is collated there is a strong precedent set for the centrality of environmental and wider global ethical considerations in consumer choice. The evidence put forward by the Guardian report provides recent and solid support for the idea that an increasing number of consumers see themselves as key actors within the global economy and global society. It is increasingly the case that works by Stiglitz on globalisation, Klein on marketing and Dunkley on free market capitalism are becoming mainstream texts with a growing number of people understanding and forming judgements on some of the wider macro issues which are presented in such works. The result has been a grass roots movement away from simply buying products at the cheapest price towards buying products based on their ethical considerations. This is something which has continued through the recent financial recession with the Guardian Sustainable Business report being published in June of 2010. It is also worthy of note that the ethical stance, although slightly more of a factor at higher incomes, was largely constant across the income range. It can therefore be concluded that the major ethical considerations for those people who live in areas that the Cooperative Group would operate in are the major ethical considerations which people consider in their day to day lives. Perhaps the most important of these has been the impact of products on the environment. It is increasingly the case that people buy products b ased on the distance that they have been transported, the amount of packaging they have and the place in which they originated. However, we should not ignore the wider knock on ethical considerations which surround global warming and global climate change. The influence of poverty has been strongly felt with the fair trade movement receiving considerable support, to the point where the majority of coffee is now fair trade certified. It is clear that such issues have considerable crossover. The more locally something is grown the more chance there is that it will have less of a carbon footprint and the more chance that it will have of supporting local industries and therefore reducing global poverty overall. However, more important of all to the ethical considerations of the local people in which the Cooperative Group are considerations as to how best to reduce their carbon footprint and assist in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. References and Bibliography Bevins, Vincent. Guardian survey reveals shoppers green concerns. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2010. Cooperative Group. Ethical Trading and Fairtrade. Manchester: Cooperative Group, 2010. Dunkley, Graham. Free Trade: Myths, Reality and Alternative. London: Zed Books, 2004. Garton Ash, Timothy. Giving well is hard to do. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2005. Giddens, Antony. Runaway World: How Globalisation is Shaping Our Lives. London: Profile Books, 2002. Guardian, The. Consumer attitudes and perceptions on sustainability. The Guardian Sustainable Business (2010): Harris, Margaret. and Rochester, Colin. Voluntary organisations and social policy in Britain: perspectives on change and choice. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2001. Klein, Naomi. No Logo. London: Fourth Estate, 2010. Stiglitz, Joseph. Globalisation and its Discontents. London: Penguin, 2002. Stiglitz, Joseph. Making Globalisation Work. London: Penguin, 2007. Tomlinson, John. Globalis ation and Culture. Cambridge: Blackwell, 1999. An assessment of the social implications of business ethics for the Cooperative Group This discussion examines the social implications of business ethics within the Cooperative Group. It focuses on both the Cooperative Group bank, but also the Cooperative Group grocery stores in order to argue that the social implications of the Cooperative business ethics model are particularly positive. The discussion focuses predominantly on the social implications of the Groups policies on the eradication of global poverty as it is this subject area which creates a particularly useful crossover between the Bank and the Grocery side of the Group. The discussion begins with a look at the banks and how the Groups bank is different to mainstream banks. It then moves on to reflect on the Cooperative grocery stores before bringing the two strands together in a wider analysis. The Cooperative Bank is an institution which pledges very strongly its ethical commitment to fair finance. In an age in which issues such as globalisation are having more and more of an effect on the way people live their lives, it is no longer possible to ignore global poverty and global climate change. However, the majority of Western commercial banks have grossly compounded many of the problems by attempting to make short term profits from developing nations. Many such banks should be seen as significantly responsible for the major debt crisis which hit Sub Saharan Africa in the 1980s and they should be held to account as being motivated purely by greed. Such institutions lent money at extortionate rates to nations which they were well aware were unable to repay such loans as they thought that they would ultimately be bailed out by huge IMF loans and therefore still make a profit . Such behaviour was also the hallmark of the banks which created the most recent financial crisis in the developed world. Investment banks which were being operated essentially as casinos in which gambles were rewarded and losses were covered have had dire social implications for the majority of the Western world. One of the biggest problems now facing the UK economy in particular is how it is going to be possible to get credit to small businesses in order to stimulate growth whilst at the same time making public sector cuts which will amount to half a million redundancies. Major banks have more or less refused to lend to small businesses and households and therefore many people are beginning to turn to more ethical alternatives led by the Cooperative Group bank, but also other institutions such as the Triodos bank. The Cooperative Bank is committed to funding small businesses which it sees as being solidly enough set up to succeed and yet it is also committed to supporting projects in developing nations which have been properly set up and costed. In these two moves it has immediately made itself significantly more ethical than the vast majority of its competitors and has also had a significantly beneficial social impact. The availability of credit at reasonable ra tes is perhaps one of the most important single moves which a bank could have made in order to attempt to improve the situation in the UK and the wider Western world. However at the same time the bank has retained its commitment to developing real solutions for global poverty. Stiglitz has argued strongly that we should never underestimate the power of ethical banking to create and empower in the world. Well placed and secured investments can reap considerable social rewards. The bank itself sums this approach up when it says that it is committed to making an impact by creating social, economic and environmental change If we then move on to examine the role of the Cooperative Group grocery store we can see that the social implications of the ethical approach which the Group has taken has been positive. The lead which the Group took on the issue of Fair Trade has benefited a significant number of farmers and by extension their families in some of the most deprived regions of the planet. Further to this it must be acknowledged that the wider impact of such policies can have on stimulating economies through the knock on effects which capital can have. Keynes highlighted the multiplier effect by which one business opening can lead to other businesses opening as they seek to provide services for aspects of the original business, be it sandwiches for the workers, parts for machinery, or any number of other services. Where there is a steady supply of capital through fair trade this can then be used to create reliable and consistent growth. The social implications of this policy should therefore be highly commended. Within the broader sphere of the fight against global poverty we can therefore see that the Cooperative Group and its ethical policies are having an important beneficial effect. The vast majority of development writers who debate key issues within the subject frequently tend to agree that the central problems of development is creating su stained economic growth. This point is made by Stiglitz, Collier and Dunkley. Whilst it is important to note that there are other important factors in this problem, the United Nations Human Development Index (a statistical index based on a number of development factors such as life expectancy, GDP per capita, deaths from preventable disease and literacy rates) strongly correlates with the GDP per capita index . Therefore, where it is possible to create sustained economic growth it is possible to lift people out of poverty and empower them to develop their own solutions to their problems. Within this more developed context it can therefore be argued that the social implications of the Cooperative Groups policies are hugely socially beneficial. The importance of the initial loans which the Bank offers to setting up projects such as schools or roads or water infrastructures are crucial to the steady development of these areas. However, perhaps even more important than this is the guarantee of a good and fair price for commodities which have previously been at the mercy of the international markets. Commodities such as coffee have suffered notorious drops in prices, particularly during the 1980s and early 1990s. This meant that often what had started out as a promising spell of growth developed into a slump and further poverty. The importance of a steady market at a fair price cannot be underestimated. The social implications of this are huge. It can therefore be argued that the social implications of the ethical approach taken by the Cooperative Group are hugely important. Without such ethical considerations it would not be possible for developing world farmers to sell their commodities at a price which guaranteed them a profit and instead they would be left to the mercy of international markets and buyers who are particularly ruthless. The simple commitment to pay a fair price for good quality commodities sows the seeds of economic growth in ma ny of these regions and provides a stability which was previously not there and the social impact of which cannot be underestimated. In a similar manner the ethical commitments of the Cooperative Group bank should be seen as being a key part of this process. We have seen from our basic analysis of development literature how the majority of current development theorists believe that finance is a vital part of the move away from poverty, but only where it is used responsibly and without an immediate desire for profits. The Cooperative Banks commitment to these principles means that they are likely to be one of the most important institutions in helping the developing world move away from poverty. We can therefore conclude that the ethical considerations and principles of the Cooperative Banks provide vital financial support for key projects which have enormous social benefit. The provision of clean water, infrastructure projects and key buildings cannot be undertaken without r esponsible financial support. In addition to this the commitment of the Cooperative Group to pay a fair price for major developing world exports sows the seeds of stable growth and means that such areas are able to begin building and planning for the future where they were previously unable to think beyond the next week. References/Bibliography Bevins, Vincent. Guardian survey reveals shoppers green concerns. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2010. Collier, Paul. The Bottom Billion. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Cooperative Group. Ethical Trading and Fairtrade. Manchester: Cooperative Group, 2010. Dunkley, Graham. Free Trade: Myths, Reality and Alternative. London: Zed Books, 2004. Garton Ash, Timothy. Giving well is hard to do. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2005. Giddens, Antony. Runaway World: How Globalisation is Shaping Our Lives. London: Profile Books, 2002. Guardian, The. Consumer attitudes and perceptions on sustainability. The Guardian Sustainable Business (2010): Klein, Naomi. No Logo. London: Fourth Estate, 2010. Stiglitz, Joseph. Globalisation and its Discontents. London: Penguin, 2002. Stiglitz, Joseph. Making Globalisation Work. London: Penguin, 2007. United Nations. Human Development Report 2009. New York: United Nations, 2009. An Assessment of the ethical concerns facing the communities in which the Cooperative Group operates and measures that could be taken to improve corporate responsibility This discussion brings together the two strands of domestic ethical concerns and the wider ability of the Cooperative Group to respond to corporate social responsibility issues. The discussion begins with an outline of the major ethical concerns facing the communities in which the Group operates. This takes in both the communities in which the Group predominantly sells its products, but also on some of the areas in which the group sources its products. The major ethical policies of the organisation are then questioned in order to determine areas in which the Group could improve. Central to these criticisms are the failure of the Group to develop a coherent ethical policy in the manner of other retailers such as SUMA. The major areas in which the Cooperative Group operates are predominantly the UK but to an extent worldwide. It is certainly true that the majority of the Groups business comes from within the UK with all of the Grocery outlets being in the UK. Therefore the ma jor ethical concerns of the Groups customers are likely to come from these areas. The majority of evidence suggests that the major ethical concerns of the UK population as a whole are the best ways to deal with global climate change, but also other problems such as global poverty and the problems which surround this. A recent report commissioned for the Guardian concluded that the vast majority of UK consumers are now heavily concerned about the impact that their day to day shopping and choices has on these issues. The notion of green marketing and the green consumer are two things which have gained considerable currency in recent years and have made consumers feel much more responsible but also empowered as to how they go about their business. It can therefore be argued that the central ethical concern of the Coops customers relates to how best to reduce their own personal carbon footprint. They see the selection of products which they buy as a way of reducing such problem s and ultimately aiding in the fight against global warming. However, if we look at the major areas in which the Cooperative Group sources its products we can see a slightly different story. The major area which is worth examining in relation to ethical considerations has been the region of Sub Saharan Africa and the impact of the Cooperative Groups policies on commodities such as tea and coffee, as well as chocolate. The primary ethical concern in this area is the reduction of global poverty. This concern focuses on developing solutions which enable people to work their own way out of poverty through sustainable farming solutions and the development of markets within these areas. Central to this problem has been the issue of fair trade and the ability of farmers to gain a fair price for their commodities. Previously to the fair trade movement it was often the case that farmers would end up selling their products at a significant loss as a result of a huge world market and a collapse in global demand due to a financial recession in one area (for example in the late 1980s and early 1990s) . This problem led to significant calls for a commitment to pay a price which would guarantee a profit to those farmers who produced the aforementioned commodities. We can therefore see that between these two areas of operations the Cooperative Group has two major ethical concerns, both of which are duly highlighted by the organisation itself. These are firstly the commitment to reduce the carbon footprint of the business, through sourcing more locally grown foods, reducing the levels of packaging which are used and also reducing the amount of transportation which is required to distribute products through greater logistical support. Secondly is the issue of assisting in the reduction of global poverty through a variety of policies from both the Cooperative Bank but also the Cooperative Grocery aspect of the business. In terms of analysing the success of t he Corporate Social Responsibility of the Cooperative Group one has to conclude that the organisation is one of the best performing of all businesses in the world today. Its commitment to the two issues outlined above should be taken seriously and is proved by real action and it has a reputation as a more open and approachable organisation responding to local customers needs in a much more approachable way than many of its competitors. However, one of the major criticisms of the group which has been highlighted previously is the slight inconsistencies which arise particularly among the Grocery division of the business. These inconsistencies mean that the group which has a very commendable commitment to ethical issues such as the fair trade movement, can also be seen to be selling products which directly contravene these principles. The fact that such products are sold by the Cooperative Group means that such products are being profited from by the Group itself and that ther e is therefore a strong argument to suggest that the Group is itself contributing to the inequality which such principles create. If the group were to improve its service to its communities even further then it would be important for it to develop a strategy which was much more water tight and which served as a much more cohesive and inclusive model. Whilst such a model would no doubt have logistical and technical problems it is important to note that there are companies and businesses which have been set up and run on very similar lines. One notable example is the food wholesaler SUMA, based in Leeds, West Yorkshire. This wholesaler is able to source a significant number of its own products directly but also works with other suppliers to develop a catalogue of supplies which it is able to provide to customers. This process involves significant research into the origins of certain products and a constant commitment to maintaining the high standards which are set but it is s omething which can be achieved. If the Cooperative Group were to seek to develop its own Corporate Social Responsibility policies even further then the SUMA model would be a particularly useful model to examine. It is also worthy of note that SUMA itself supplies several of the Cooperative Grocery Stores, in particular in the areas around Leeds where local demand for such products is high. It is therefore possible to say that the ethical issues which are felt by the majority of the Cooperative Groups customers centre on two major areas of interest. Firstly there is the area of global climate change and how consumers and people can reduce their carbon footprint as part of their everyday lives. Secondly there is the issue of how best to attempt to tackle climate change. As we have seen these two issues frequently overlap and in many ways can be strongly linked. However, we must also acknowledge that there are few groups better equipped than the Cooperative Group at developing strong policies in these areas. The diversity of the Group means that it is able to respond to crises in a much broader way than many of its competitors are able to. For example, on the issue of tackling global poverty, the Group is able to provide Fair Trade agreements with farmers for the supply of certain products, but is also able to use the Cooperative Bank to help develop key infrastructures and services within such areas. This dual pronged approach make the Corporate Social Responsibility Programmes of the Cooperative Group particularly impressive. However, if the Group were to seek to develop these valuable points further then there is considerable room for growth in the central principles of product choice which the Group makes. A more developed and ethically accountable set of principles here (in the manner of SUMA) would make the organisation significantly ethically stronger and would have massive social benefits for the areas of operation of the business. We ca n therefore conclude that the Cooperative faces the two major ethical considerations of climate change and global poverty. Its commitment to combating these issues is noteworthy and certainly deserving of praise. However, with a more calculated and ethically sound approach the Group could perform even better in this very important area. References/Bibliography Bevins, Vincent. Guardian survey reveals shoppers green concerns. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2010. Collier, Paul. The Bottom Billion. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Cooperative Group. Ethical Trading and Fairtrade. Manchester: Cooperative Group, 2010. Dunkley, Graham. Free Trade: Myths, Reality and Alternative. London: Zed Books, 2004. Garton Ash, Timothy. Giving well is hard to do. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2005. Giddens, Antony. Runaway World: How Globalisation is Shaping Our Lives. London: Profile Books, 2002. Guardian, The. Consumer attitudes and perceptions on sustainability. The Guardian Sustainable Business (2010): Klein, Naomi. No Logo. London: Fourth Estate, 2010. Stiglitz, Joseph. Globalisation and its Discontents. London: Penguin, 2002. Stiglitz, Joseph. Making Globalisation Work. London: Penguin, 2007. SUMA. SUMA nominated again!. Leeds: SUMA, 2010. An assessment of how the Cooperative Group could improve its operations ethically This discussion examines the manner in which the Cooperative Group could improve its operations ethically. It begins by commending the Group on its stance on ethical issues such as Fair Trade, with all of the Cooperative Groups own brand coffee and chocolate now being exclusively Fair Trade certified. It does however argue that there is a certain double standard in the way in which the shops will frequently sell other brand products which do not meet such requirements. The central argument is that, if the Cooperative Group is to develop its ethical stance further, it would need to create a set of absolute principles or standards by which it would judge all of its stock, in a similar way to food wholesalers such as SUMA. The discussion argues that, whilst such a view may be seen as slightly extreme or impractical by some people it is nonetheless the major direction down which the Group should aim to go. It is worth noting that some of the evidence discussed here relating to sp ecific in store advertising is primary evidence taken from local Cooperative outlets and should be treated as such. Where possible this is highlighted. The Cooperative Group deserves strong praise for its stance on key ethical issues such as fair trade, global climate change and global poverty. Its decision to develop all of its chocolate and coffee products from Sub Saharan Africa and South America into fair trade products was a decision which they took ahead of all of their major competitors and one which has been followed for the most part. A brief glance at the Cooperative Group website reveals a relatively prominent section entitled ethics in action in which the Group outline their major commitments to develop schemes in local areas such as walk to school schemes to assist the environment and community cohesion, but also their wider ethical commitment to reduce poverty through low interest finance, fair trade products and overseas projects. It is therefore worth making absolutely clear how commendable such actions are and how much they should be applauded by the Groups customers. However, it is also possible to identify certain ethical anomalies within the Group. The aforementioned commitment to own brand Fair Trade Coffee and Chocolates often sits next to a promotion for Galaxy chocolate or Nescafe Coffee neither of which have any ethical merits. It is also frequently the case that such products are advertised in store, perhaps largely as a result of promotional offers such as Buy One Get One Free but also through other contracted out advertising space which is operated by a third party advertising agency. There is therefore an ethical double standard here, whereby the Group will publicly commit itself to its own ethical standards but will then continue to profit from other products which clearly fail to meet such standards. Not only this but such products are often advertised in store in order to generate further profit. The Group is t herefore promoting one image on the one hand, and carrying out an entirely different act with the other. It can therefore be argued strongly that, were the Group to be taken seriously and present a water tight and uniform ethical case, it would have to develop its own benchmark of ethical standards by which it would judge all of its products. These would not need to be hugely ground breaking, certainly not in the first instance, but could be based on the ethical standards by which the Group develops its own products. If products meet such standards, for example Cadburys chocolate has been certified fair trade in recent years then they can be sold and the consumers can then make their choice according to other criteria such as taste, price or their own personal preference. However, were products not to meet such standards then they would no longer be sold by the Group in order to prevent the Group itself but also other manufacturers from profiting from a products which is un ethically sourced and unethically produced. If we look at the evidence for consumer ethical considerations as put forward by the Guardian report on consumer views on sustainability and wider ethical considerations then we can see that there is a strong consumer base which would support the ideas. The vast majority of the consumers in the survey of close to 800 participants intimated that the most important factors which they considered when buying a product was the environmental impact and the wider ethical impact . It would therefore be possible to argue strongly that, were the Group to carry out such a move it would be widely supported by a significant number of consumers and may even result in a greater consumer support for the Cooperative Group over other competitors. It is difficult to develop ethical models for the Cooperative Group in such a limited space without necessarily avoiding any of the logistical or practical implications of such suggestions or ideas. How ever, it must be noted that the idea as outlined above is likely to be a particularly problematic system to set up in the first instance, particularly given the large volume of stock which the Group carries. However, there is a precedent for such a suggestion, with food wholesaler SUMA selling only products which have met its ethical standards, be it fair trade or global warming. Indeed the SUMA model has been so successful that they have been nominated for food wholesaler of the year and employer of the year at The Grocer awards two years running. Indeed SUMA is similar in more ways than one as the wholesaler sources its own products such as lentils and grains but also deals with other products by companies such as Bottle Green or Fentimans, whose ethical virtues can be readily and well established. Indeed SUMA often supplies certain parts of some Cooperative Groups with products, particularly in the areas around its central operations in Yorkshire. However, it must be ack nowledged that the Cooperative Group would have a significantly more complex task as it is not surprising that many companies which do not operate ethically are reluctant to disclose any information on the way they source or manufacture products. Therefore there would have to be a lot of work put in to researching the ethical credentials of certain products. There would also likely be considerable problems as to where one draws the line. For example if the debate moved on from only sourcing products which were transported by boat rather than plane and a technical hitch meant that certain products had to be transported on planes would the Group refuse to sell them and if not why not? However, it should not be ignored that there is a very real case to be made for the removal of all products which directly contradicts the Groups own ethical stance on key products such as coffee and chocolate. Certainly there is also an undeniable call for the Group to remove advertising and pro motions from its stores for products which do not meet its own criteria. Such a space could be used to promote the Groups own products or to highlight some of the key issues for which the Group retains a strong opinion. We can therefore conclude by saying that the Cooperative Group should once again be praised for the ethical position which it has taken on key issues. However, there is always room for improvement in such organisations and, with the inconsistencies observed by this discussion it should be more than possible for the Group to continue to improve. It has been acknowledged earlier that the major focus of this particularly discussion has been on the Groups grocery stores rather than the banking sector or other sectors. This is because it is this particular area of the Group which is perhaps most immediately felt by most people. This is particularly true given the rise of ethical consumerism Therefore the Group should seek to further develop its ethical model to cover all of its products irrespective of their brand or origin in a similar way to wholesalers such as SUMA. References/Bibliography Bevins, Vincent. Guardian survey reveals shoppers green concerns. The Guardian London: The Guardian, 2010. Cooperative Group. Ethical Trading and Fairtrade. Manchester: Cooperative Group, 2010. Dunkley, Graham. Free Trade: Myths, Reality and Alternative. London: Zed Books, 2004. Giddens, Antony. Runaway World: How Globalisation is Shaping Our Lives. London: Profile Books, 2002. Guardian, The. Consumer attitudes and perceptions on sustainability. The Guardian Sustainable Business (2010): Klein, Naomi. No Logo. London: Fourth Estate, 2010. Stiglitz, Joseph. Globalisation and its Discontents. London: Penguin, 2002. Stiglitz, Joseph. Making Globalisation Work. London: Penguin, 2007. SUMA. SUMA nominated again!. Leeds: SUMA, 2010.

Release of Nelson Mandela in 1990 and South Africas State...

Release of Nelson Mandela in 1990 and South Africas State Nelson Mandela became president of South Africa in 1994 and he continued in this job until his retirement in 2000. Mandela was born on the 18th July 1918. His real name was Rolihlahla that means troublemaker, but because it was the thing to have a European name (usually a heroic name) as well as a Xhosa one, he was also called Nelson. He was the son of Chief Henry Gadla Mandela and Nosekeni. Mandela was born into the royal family of the Thembu people. As a boy Nelson and his three sisters lived in a group of whitewashed huts near Umtata in the Transkei. He was part of a royal family. He then studied for a degree at Fort Hare, a college†¦show more content†¦He joined the African National Congress, which was started in 1912 by four African lawyers to try and unite the African people. Sisulu, Mandela and a man called Oliver Tambo decided to form a youth league of the ANC which was more militant and used violence. In 1948 the Afrikaner National Party came to power and enforced a partheid. At the ANCs annual conference in 1951 Mandela and Sisulu decided to start countrywide non-violent defiance of some laws and Mandela was voted National volunteer-in-chief. He went around the country talking to the crowds and promoting the non-violent defiance campaign. He was sent to prison in June 1952. Over the next few months lots of people were put in jail, but the ANC numbers grew from 7000 to 100,000. Mandela was one of the leaders tried under the Suppression of Communism Act, and was given a suspended prison sentence of nine months. A new law was passed so that the leaders organising protests could be jailed for up to five years, or be fined up to  £500, and whipped. Mandela was elected President of the Transvaal ANC, but before he could start, he was banned from meetings and told not to leave Johannesburg by the security police. He was forced to resign from the ANC. 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Master Of Science Degree Programs - 1502 Words

Master of Science Degree Programs This entry gives a general overview of online Master of Science programs, then specifically examines programs in high demand and those offered in accelerated formats. Next, the entry focuses on information students need to succeed in M.S. programs: how to find the right program, and a major problem that they will likely face during online matriculation. A Master of Science degree (in Latin, Magister Scientaie) is a postgraduate academic Master’s Degree awarded by universities worldwide. In abbreviated form, the degree may appear on academic transcripts variously as MSc., M.Sc., M.Sci., M.Si., Sc.M., M.S., MS, AM or SM. After the Master of Arts, the M.S. is the most completed graduate degree in the†¦show more content†¦The latter option is most common. It involves writing and defending a thesis or completing a research project which represents the culmination of the material learned. Admission to a Master s program is normally contingent upon holding a bachelor’s degree. Should the student desire to graduate from a doctoral program, Master’s level training is a prerequisite. In some fields or graduate programs, work on a doctorate can begin as soon as the bachelor’s degree is finished. Some programs offer a joint Bachelor s and Master s degree after four to five years of study. At the completion of these programs both a B.A. and an M.S. can be awarded. For thesis projects, students will typically work with an academic adviser to propose a topic, write a research prospectus and draft a final paper describing the research results. The research process takes about one year. The thesis is then reviewed by the student’s academic committee who must approve the paper before the student can proceed to graduation. If revisions are needed, graduation could be delayed for one or more semesters. Many graduate schools have residency requirements to complete a degree. A student may be required to spend at least one year living on campus and must accumulate a minimum number of course credits to be considered eligible for his degree. As online graduate education advanced, this residency requirement has been adjusted. Matriculation online may

America At The Turn Of The Century Essay Example For Students

America At The Turn Of The Century Essay Americaat the Turn of the CenturyAs America approaches the twenty-firstcentury we are faced with many challenges as a country. The United Stateshas a very strong country due to a few things that keep the country standing. The sufficient military has helped many other countries out of wars, thestrong economy is the basis of the worlds economy, and the United Stateshas a very advanced technology that has also helped rule the world today. These three things are so strong that there is not much that would bringthem down. But in each category there are many small weaknesses that couldcause our country to collapse as a whole around the turn of the century. The political scandals have caused us to have a very low voter percentage,and therefore our democratic government is slowly coming to a halt. Thegap between the rich and the poor is disturbing the financial status ofthe country. There is a big increase in school violence that is scaringmany parents in this nation. If this isnt stopped the free education aspectof our country will not be offered in the future. Therefore, many historiansbelieve that these few weaknesses could make a fairly self sufficient countryfall. President Clinton is a perfect examplefor the political scandals of our country. In January of 1997 it was announcedto the country that President Clinton allegedly had an affair with oneof the interns at the White House. Over the period of the next few monthsPresident Clinton not only denied the whole thing, then made another statementthat he actually did have an affair with the intern Monica Lewinsky. Americais the only country that would prosecute this kind of thing. Most of theother countries laughed at us, while no politician was laughing. In fact when all these personal matters about President Clinton came about,he was in the middle of negotiating a peace treaty between Jordan and Israel, and the trails of President Clintons impeachment case interrupted thepeace treaties, which was a major setback for Israel and Jordan. The scandals that President Clinton presented the country with an issueof trust. The nation should not be expected to trust a presidentwho lies to the country, and neither should the other nations for thatmatter. If we cant trust our governmental leaders how will we surviveas a country? Although the personal aspects of the President do notaffect the passing of bills and laws it does effect the public aspectsof the democratic government that we have now. We have the lowest percentageof voting in the world, and if no one can trust the officials running,then that percentage could get even lower. This could cause our countryto have a governmental problem in the future. We could even start electingpeople that wouldnt do the correct job and bring the United States intofinancial and governmental troubles and distraught times. If it ever didcome to this the gap between the rich and the poor even larger than italready is. As the stock market rises and technologyadvances the rich seem to be getting richer and the poor seem to be gettingpoorer. The country doesnt seem to be doing much about this problem. It is almost at the point where we are not going to be able to fix thegap that is there already. All the poor population needs is a chance toget ahead without opportunities taken away from them. Many historians believethat if the poor dont get this chance by the end of the twentiethcentury, or even by the end of the twenty-first century there is goingto be no chance for them to catch up, or even stop themselves from gettingpoorer. Some investment bankers believe that there is going to bea steady decline of stocks to a bear market, which would not only effectthe rich, but the poor as well. Together as a country we would all getpoorer. Therefore it is important for the poor population to gain somewealth. This could cause a financial problem for the United States as awhole. If that were to happen then our military system would not work. .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 , .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 .postImageUrl , .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 , .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757:hover , .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757:visited , .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757:active { border:0!important; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757:active , .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757 .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0810c596f87f573c5f1287d123ab3757:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Investigation into Proposals for the Superstructure of a Building EssayOur system is based upon the financial status of the country. They havefunds to go into other countries and bail them out of jams. This wouldnot be possible if we didnt have any money. Another gap between the richand the poor is the differences between medi-care and medi-caid. If a rich person and a poor person both go to the hospital for the sameproblem odds are that the rich person is going to get the better treatmentbecause they have money. Although this is not ethically right, it is theonly way it can be, according to the insurance companies. Medi-caid offershealth care to the poor who cant afford the medical bills. Medi-care offershealth care to the old, who cant afford the medical bills. Evennow, the costs of the medical bills are going up so much that many timeshospitals dont even accept the patient if they have medi-care or medi-caid. Things like medial care changes the way people are looked at. A lot oftimes there is no way of telling whether a person is rich or poor. Thatis causing a lot of troubles with school violence. In Littleton, Colorado last spring a childwalked into his school and opened fire on his classmates killing thirteen. He was aiming for a certain group of kids, the rich and the jocks. Thiswas because he didnt have all the things they had. There is no way todistinguish the differences between the poor kid that has a problem andthe rich kid that doesnt or visa versa. The countrys education systemshould be able to recognize the differences no matter what the problemis. And we should not accept the fact that this kid got away with whathe did. We should look harder into each student rather than at the populationas a whole. It is not just students who are committing the crimes, butthey seem to be the victims. This past summer a man walked into a Californiadaycare center and opened fire. This should not be allowed. In the pastten years not only has there been an increase in school violence, but therehas also been an increase in terrorism. These random outbursts of violenceneed to stop before the end of the century or we are going to be facedwith serious problems as a country. We could have serious chaos a ndneed the military. But that shouldnt happen if the country is under control. In conclusion there are many weaknessesof our country that could make our countrys strengths weaker, and as acountry we would become a weaker country as a result. The economy mightbecome weaker, as will the military and the technology of the country. As for the future, who only knows what it holds for the United States asa country. One might think that there are going to be hard times ahead,not only for the rich, but for the poor as well. And not only for the governmentor the military, but for the economy as well. We will just have to waitand see.